Role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver diseases
Por:
Gracia-Sancho, J, Caparros, E, Fernandez-Iglesias, A and Frances, R
Publicada:
1 jun 2021
Ahead of Print:
1 feb 2021
Resumen:
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) form the wall of the hepatic sinusoids and have essential roles in hepatic homeostasis. This Review describes the phenotypic dysregulations of LSECs in the context of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, and provides an update of the role of LSECs as therapeutic targets.
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) form the wall of the hepatic sinusoids. Unlike other capillaries, they lack an organized basement membrane and have cytoplasm that is penetrated by open fenestrae, making the hepatic microvascular endothelium discontinuous. LSECs have essential roles in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis, including regulation of the vascular tone, inflammation and thrombosis, and they are essential for control of the hepatic immune response. On a background of acute or chronic liver injury, LSECs modify their phenotype and negatively affect neighbouring cells and liver disease pathophysiology. This Review describes the main functions and phenotypic dysregulations of LSECs in liver diseases, specifically in the context of acute injury (ischaemia-reperfusion injury, drug-induced liver injury and bacterial and viral infection), chronic liver disease (metabolism-associated liver disease, alcoholic steatohepatitis and chronic hepatotoxic injury) and hepatocellular carcinoma, and provides a comprehensive update of the role of LSECs as therapeutic targets for liver disease. Finally, we discuss the open questions in the field of LSEC pathobiology and future avenues of research.
Filiaciones:
Gracia-Sancho, J:
IDIBAPS Biomed Res Inst, Liver Vasc Biol Res Grp, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
Inselspital Bern, Dept Biomed Res, Hepatol, Bern, Switzerland
Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland
:
Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
Miguel Hernandez Univ, Dept Clin Med, Hepat & Intestinal Immunobiol Grp, Alacant, Spain
Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, Inst ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
Fernandez-Iglesias, A:
IDIBAPS Biomed Res Inst, Liver Vasc Biol Res Grp, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
:
Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
Miguel Hernandez Univ, Dept Clin Med, Hepat & Intestinal Immunobiol Grp, Alacant, Spain
Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, Inst ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
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