Classifying cephalosporins: from generation to cross-reactivity
Por:
Fernandez, J, Jimenez-Rodriguez, T and Blanca-Lopez, N
Publicada:
1 ago 2021
Resumen:
Purpose of review To review the most recent literature studying the
classifications, immunochemistry, and crossreactivity of allergy
reactions to cephalosporins. Recent findings Over the last five years,
research interest has focused on three areas related to cephalosporin
allergy: cross-reactivity among cephalosporins and with other
beta-lactams; the incidence of adverse reactions in penicillin allergy
patients or in reported penicillin allergy labels; and new
cephalosporins structures involved in the immunological recognition.
Meta-analysis of a substantial number of studies shows that
cephalosporins are safer than previously thought. Evidence supports two
main conclusions in that regard. First, there is a relatively low
percentage of cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and other
beta-lactams with penicillins in penicillin allergy patients. Second,
there is a very low incidence of allergy reactions in nonselected as
well as in selected penicillin allergy patients when cephalosporins are
used prior to surgical intervention. On the other hand, few structures
have been discovered related to the immune mechanism of cephalosporin
allergy reactions, and these are far from being ready to use in clinical
practice.
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