Thirty-day outcomes in frail older patients discharged home from the emergency department with acute heart failure: effects of high-risk criteria identified by the DEED FRAIL-AHF trial
Por:
Martin-Sanchez, F, Esquivel, P, Garcia, G, del Castillo, J, Adrada, E, Espinosa, B, Diez, M, Pareja, R, Bordigoni, M, Perez-Dura, M, Bibiano, C, Ferrer, C, Aguilo, S, Mojarro, E, Aguirre, A, Pinera, P, Lopez-Picado, A, Llorens, P, Jacob, J, Gil, V, Herrero, P, Perez, C, Gil, P, Calvo, E, Rossello, X, Bueno, H, Burillo, G, Miro, O and Registro OAK-Discharge Estudio DEE
Publicada:
1 jun 2021
Resumen:
Objectives. To study the effect of high-risk criteria on 30-day outcomes in frail older patients with acute heart failure (Al-IF) discharged from an emergency department (ED) or an ED's observation and short-stay areas.
Methods. Secondary analysis of discharge records in the Older AHF Key Data registry. We selected frail patients (aged > 70 years) discharged with AHF from EDs. Risk factors were categorized as modifiable or nonmodifiable. The outcomes were a composite endpoint for a cardiovascular event (revisits for AHF, hospitalization for AHF, or cardiovascular death) and the number of days alive out-of-hospital (DAOH) within 30 days of discharge.
Results. We included 380 patients with a mean (SD) age of 86(5.5) years (61.2% women). Modifiable risk factors were identified in 65.1%, nonmodifiable ones in 47.8%, and both types in 81.6%. The 30 -day cardiovascular composite endpoint occurred in 83 patients (21.8%). The mean 30-day DAOH observed was 27.6 (6.1) days. High-risk factors were present more often in patients who developed the cardiovascular event composite endpoint: the rates for patients with modifiable, nonmodifiable, or both types of risk were, respectively, as follows in comparison with patients not at high risk: 25.0% vs 17.2%, P=.092; 27.6% vs 16.7%, P=.010; and 24.7% vs 15.2%, P=.098). The 30-day DAOH outcome was also lower for at-risk patients, according to type of risk factor present: modifiable, 26.9 (7.0) vs 28.4 (4.4) days, P=.011; nonmodifiable, 27.1 (7.0) vs 28.0 (5.0) days, P=.127; and both, 27.1 (6.7) vs 28.8 (3.4) days, P =.005). After multivariate analysis, modifiable risk remained independently associated with fewer days alive (adjusted absolute difference in 30 -day DAOH, -1.3 days (95% Cl, -2.7 to -0.1 days). Nonmodifiable factors were associated with increased risk for the 30-day cardiovascular composite endpoint (adjusted absolute difference, 10.4%; 95% Cl, -2.1% to 18.7%).
Conclusion. Risk factors are common in frail elderly patients with AHF discharged home from hospital ED areas. Their presence is associated with a worse 30-day prognosis.
Open Access
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