Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Por:
Cabrera, A, Caballero, P, Wanden-Berghe, C, Sanz-Lorente, M and Lopez-Pintor, E
Publicada:
1 dic 2021
Ahead of Print:
20 dic 2021
Resumen:
Workplace health interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of workers and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. We carried out a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of articles measuring the association between workplace dietary interventions and MetS risk. We recovered potentially eligible studies by searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using the terms "Metabolic syndrome" and "Occupational Health". A total of 311 references were retrieved and 13 documents were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dietary interventions were grouped into six main types: basic education/counselling; specific diet/changes in diet and food intake; behavioural change/coaching; physical exercise; stress management; and internet/social networks. Most programmes included several components. The interventions considered together are beneficial, but the clinical results reflect only a minimal impact on MetS risk. According to the metaregression, the interventions with the greatest impact were those that used coaching techniques and those that promoted physical activity, leading to increased HDL (effect size = 1.58, sig = 0.043; and 2.02, 0.015, respectively) and decreased BMI (effect size = -0.79, sig = -0.009; and -0.77, 0.034, respectively). In contrast, interventions offering information on healthy habits and lifestyle had the contrary effect, leading to increased BMI (effect size = 0.78, sig = 0.006), systolic blood pressure (effect size = 4.85, sig = 0.038) and diastolic blood pressure (effect size = 3.34, sig = 0.001). It is necessary to improve the efficiency of dietary interventions aimed at lowering MetS risk in workers.
Filiaciones:
Cabrera, A:
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Dept Engn, Area Pharm & Pharmaceut Technol, Alicante 03550, Spain
:
Univ Alicante, Dept Community Nursing Prevent Med & Publ Hlth &, Alicante 03690, Spain
:
Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, Grp Nutr Clin, Alicante 03010, Spain
Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, HAD, Inst Invest Sanit & Biomed Alicante ISABIA, Fdn FISABIO, Alicante 03010, Spain
:
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Dept Publ Hlth & Hist Sci, Alicante 03550, Spain
Lopez-Pintor, E:
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Dept Engn, Area Pharm & Pharmaceut Technol, Alicante 03550, Spain
CIBERESP, CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Madrid 28029, Spain
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