SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant breakthrough infections in nursing home residents after an homologous third dose of the Comirnaty® COVID-19 vaccine: Looking for correlates of protection.


Por: Torres I, Giménez E, Albert E, Zulaica J, Álvarez-Rodríguez B, Burgos JS, Peiró S, Limón R, Vanaclocha H, Rodado C, Botija P, Sifre A, Tur B, Lozano RA, Orosa I, Vicente-Ruiz M, Carrión RJ, Clari MÁ, Sánchez-Payá J, Díez-Domingo J, Comas I, González-Candelas F, Geller R and Navarro D

Publicada: 1 sep 2022 Ahead of Print: 18 may 2022
Resumen:
We investigated whether peripheral blood levels of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) receptor binding domain antibodies (anti-RBD), neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) targeting Omicron S, and S-reactive-interferon (IFN)-?-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells measured after a homologous booster dose (3D) with the Comirnaty® vaccine was associated with the likelihood of subsequent breakthrough infections due to the Omicron variant. An observational study including 146 nursing home residents (median age, 80 years; range, 66-99; 109 female) evaluated for an immunological response after 3D (at a median of 16 days). Anti-RBD total antibodies were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. NtAb were quantified by an Omicron S pseudotyped virus neutralization assay. SARS-CoV-2-S specific-IFN?-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were enumerated by whole-blood flow cytometry for intracellular cytokine staining. In total, 33/146 participants contracted breakthrough Omicron infection (symptomatic in 30/33) within 4 months after 3D. Anti-RBD antibody levels were comparable in infected and uninfected participants (21 123 vs. 24 723 BAU/ml; p = 0.34). Likewise, NtAb titers (reciprocal IC(50) titer, 157 vs. 95; p = 0.32) and frequency of virus-reactive CD4(+) (p = 0.82) and CD8(+) (p = 0.91) T cells were similar across participants in both groups. anti-RBD antibody levels and NtAb titers estimated at around the time of infection were also comparable (3445 vs. 4345 BAU/ml; p = 0.59 and 188.5 vs. 88.9; p = 0.70, respectively). Having detectable NtAb against Omicron or SARS-CoV-2-S-reactive-IFN?-producing CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells after 3D was not correlated with increased protection from breakthrough infection (OR, 1.50; p = 0.54; OR, 0.0; p = 0.99 and OR 3.70; p = 0.23, respectively). None of the immune parameters evaluated herein, including NtAb titers against the Omicron variant, may reliably predict at the individual level the risk of contracting COVID-19 due to the Omicron variant in nursing home residents.

Filiaciones:
Torres I:
 Microbiology Service, Clinic University Hospital, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

Giménez E:
 Microbiology Service, Clinic University Hospital, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

Albert E:
 Microbiology Service, Clinic University Hospital, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

Zulaica J:
 Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain

Álvarez-Rodríguez B:
 Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain

Burgos JS:
 Department of Health, General Directorate of Research and Healthcare Supervision, Valencia Government, Valencia, Spain

Peiró S:
 Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain

Limón R:
 Department of Health, General Directorate of Healthcare, Valencian Government, Valencia, Spain

Vanaclocha H:
 Department of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia Government, Valencia, Spain

Rodado C:
 Comisión Departamental de control de Residencias, Departamento de Salud València Clínico Malvarrosa, Valencia, Spain

Botija P:
 Dirección de Atención Primaria, Departamento de Salud Clínico-Malvarrosa, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Sifre A:
 Centro de Salud Pública, Gandía, Spain

Tur B:
 Centro de Salud Pública, Gandía, Spain

Lozano RA:
 Centro de Salud Pública, Gandía, Spain

Orosa I:
 Centro de Salud Pública, Gandía, Spain

Vicente-Ruiz M:
 Colectividades Departamento de Salud Arnau-LLiria, Valencia, Spain

Carrión RJ:
 Dirección De Atención Primaria, Departamento De Salud Arnau-Lliria, Valencia, Spain

Clari MÁ:
 Microbiology Service, Clinic University Hospital, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

:
 Preventive Medicine Service, Alicante General and University Hospital, Alicante, Spain

 Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain

Díez-Domingo J:
 Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain

Comas I:
 Biomedicine Institute of Valencia, Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valencia, Spain

 CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain

 Joint Research Unit "Infection and Public Health" FISABIO-University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

González-Candelas F:
 Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain

 CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain

 Joint Research Unit "Infection and Public Health" FISABIO-University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Geller R:
 Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain

:
 Microbiology Service, Clinic University Hospital, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
ISSN: 10969071





Journal of medical virology
Editorial
John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 94 Número: 9
Páginas: 4216-4223
WOS Id: 000799903600001
ID de PubMed: 35585782
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